Washington, D.C.: International Child Labor Study Group, Bureau of International Labor Affairs, Department of Labor
Besides the link between tobacco and heart disease, stroke, emphysema, and cancer (especially lung and throat cancers), smoking leads to the following oral health consequences: Bad breath Tooth discoloration Inflammation of the salivary gland openings on the roof of the mouth Increased build up of plaque and tartar on the teeth Increased loss of bone within the jaw Increased risk of leukoplakia, white patches inside the mouth Increased risk of developing gum disease, a leading cause of tooth loss Delayed healing process following tooth extraction, periodontal treatment, or oral surgery Lower success rate of dental implant procedures Increased risk of developing oral cancer How Does Smoking Lead to Gum Disease
Last accessed June 13, 2024
However, the authors noted some difference between the cases and controls, in particular those with psychosis were more likely to be male, more likely to be white Caucasian, and more likely to be heavy smokers
Financial Savings : Significant cost savings from not purchasing nicotine products
