BPC-157 was first formally described in the Journal of Physiology, Paris, in 1993, according to a commentary published in Inflammopharmacology
Schielke et al., 2010), which, as mentioned above, was implicated in diverse functions including adherence to epithelial cells, intracellular survival, vacuolar escape, interaction with dynein, and modulation of apoptosis/pyroptosis (Schmitt et al., 2007
Zhang W, Yu G, Zhang H, Ly C, Yuan B, Ruvolo V, Piya S, Bhattacharya S, Zhang Q, Borthakur G, Battula VL, Konopleva MY, Rice WG, Andreeff M
Most users start at 5 mg and assess tolerance before moving up
In one study, BPC-157 co-injected with other drugs was found to reverse chronic alcohol-induced liver damage in rats (Prkacin et al