Herpes positive free-ranging animals had significantly more protein oxidative damage and lower glutathione peroxidase (antioxidant enzyme) than negative ones, providing correlative support for a link between oxidative stress and herpesvirus infection in free-living equids
To test this, the PRKAA1 5UTR was inserted upstream of the luciferase CDS (5UTR reporter), as described previously 38 , and transfected into shCtrl and shGDH1 cells for luciferase reporter assays
The majority of QIs was reduced back to the respective parent compound (50% of AQ-QI and 80% of DEAQ-QI), presumably by the action of endogenous antioxidants and/or reductases, e.g., quinone reductases ( Figure 5B )
Plain sterile water is not preservative-free bacteriostatic once the vial seal is broken, it is susceptible to microbial contamination and should only be used for single-draw applications
Cysteine and cystine are very similar