This team effort tackles several wellness aspects at once
The link between oxidation and inflammation is complex, going from fine-tuned signaling by ROS during TLR4 activation that leads to active mobilization of damaged-associated molecular patterns, to cellular injury from redox stress that leads to damaged-associated molecular patterns release triggering TLR4-mediated inflammation and organ injury (Gill et al., 2010
Key pathophysiologic mechanisms include: Mucosal barrier dysfunction: Impaired epithelial tight junctions allow bacterial translocation, triggering innate immune activation T-helper cell dysregulation: Predominantly Th1 and Th17 pathways drive chronic inflammation via TNF-, IL-12, IL-23 the basis for biologic therapy targets Transmural inflammation: Unlike UC (mucosal only), CD involves all layers: mucosa submucosa muscularis propria serosa Granuloma formation: Non-caseating granulomas are pathognomonic but present in only ~3050% of biopsies Fibrosis and stricture: Chronic inflammation activates myofibroblasts collagen deposition luminal narrowing obstructive symptoms Fistula formation: Transmural ulcers penetrate serosa form sinus tracts connect to adjacent bowel, bladder, vagina, or skin 7
Prior to reconstitution, store the lyophilized powder at -20C for optimal long-term stability
refer to the MHRA/EMC SmPC and NHS medicines information for full details
