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Uses : Suitable for administering larger doses of B12, particularly in cases where higher volumes are prescribed
Disruptions in this axis, driven by gut dysbiosis, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide range of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders
None of this means peptides are proven replacements for established psychiatric medications
For instance, mephedrone increases both dopamine and serotonin release, whereas -PVP primarily targets dopamine and norepinephrine transporters (Simmler et al., 2013)