Clinical trials on NAC in IPF have yielded mixed results: some showed slowed lung function decline [155], while a large phase 3 trial found no significant benefit in preserving forced vital capacity (FVC) in patients with mild-to-moderate IPF [156]
Similarly, an in vitro study (Nan et al., 2014) using bovine mammary cells demonstrated that Lys, Met, and a combination of these amino acids (especially in a 3:1 Lys: Met ratio) positively regulated the expression of genes associated with the JAK2-STAT5 and mTOR pathway, and increased casein concentration, suggesting a potential effect on enhancing milk protein synthesis
CGA also has protective effects on the cardiovascular system [96]
Others may use a precursor, direct glutathione or a combination selected according to diet, health history, medications, laboratory findings and clinical goals
This is where supplements like N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) or certain functional mushrooms come into play