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Indeed, there is still no robust evidence that adding topical antioxidants (e.g., vitamin C, vitamin E, Polypodium leucAtomos ) or depigmenting agents (e.g., butylresorcinol, glabridin) to the composition of topical sunscreens increases the efficacy of treatments for melasma [17]

These individuals in particular need extra methyl-folate

There is extensive evidence from cellular and animal models that MMA (III) and DMA (III) are more toxic than inorganic arsenite (e.g., Styblo et al

We excluded off-topic articles and studies with insufficient methodological detail (missing model/species, dose, route, duration, controls)

We excluded studies that were duplicates, had incomplete data, were less relevant to the topic, or focused solely on FAO