When under oxidative stress (OS) conditions, Hb is oxidized, it binds to the cytoplasmic domain of membrane protein band 3, triggering the formation of aggregates and the covalent linkage of natural anti-band 3 antibodies that may lead to premature RBC removal by splenic macrophages [1, 9]
This is the primary mechanism for its skin-brightening effect
Inappropriate administration solely for aesthetic enhancement may expose individuals to unnecessary risk

Ingredients Water, Dibutyl Adipate, Propanediol, Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, Polymethylsilsesquioxane, Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, Ethylhexyl Triazone, Tetramethylbutylphenol, Butyloctyl Salicylate, Niacinamide, Glycerin, 1,2-Hexanediol, Panthenol, Polyglyceryl-3 Methylglucose Distearate, Behenyl Alcohol, Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate, Decyl Glucoside, Poly C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate, Carbomer, Xylitol, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, C18-21 Alkane, Stearyl Heptanoate, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer, Glutathione, Hydrogenated Lecithin, Methylpropanediol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Adenosine, Pentylene Glycol, Disodium EDTA, Polyether-1, Xanthan Gum, Butylene Glycol, Sodium DNA, Coffea Arabica (Coffee) Seed Extract, Eucalyptus Globulus Leaf Extract, Laurus Nobilis Leaf Extract, Theobroma Cacao (Cocoa) Seed Extract, Dimethylsilanol Hyaluronate, Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid, Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate, Centella Asiatica Extract, Centella Asiatica Leaf Extract, Centella Asiatica Root Extract, Hyaluronic Acid, Pinus Pinaster Bark Extract, Potassium Hyaluronate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Hydroxypropyltrimonium Hyaluronate, Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer, Sodium Hyaluronate Dimethylsilanol, Tocopherol, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Asiatic Acid, Asiaticoside, Madecassic Acid, Madecassoside Content 50 ml / 1.69 fl oz For Topical and Cosmetic Use Only

Very few